Transfusion Medicine, Hemostasis, Apheresis, and Cellular Therapy have been identified as challenging topics for both the examinees attempting the American Board of Pathology examination and pathologists in clinical practice. Additionally, these are important topics for physicians in other specialties, such as hematology and anesthesiology. Moreover, the topics for these areas overlap and thus, a strong foundation in one area will enhance the knowledge in the other. In this session, using a Q&A method, the authors of many chapters in the “Transfusion Medicine, Apheresis, and Hemostasis: Review Questions and Case Studies” board review book, will review 25-30 clinical cases with the participants, from basic to challenging situations. The cases are designed to cover ‘high-yield’ material and ‘diagnostic pearls’ that may be useful for the residents and fellows when taking both Clinical Pathology and Transfusion Medicine board exam. For example, basic regulation and donor qualification and medical evaluation criteria will be reviewed. Common pre-transfusion testing, hemostasis result interpretations, and transfusion practice, including patient blood management, in both adult and pediatric patients will be discussed. Different technical and indications/aspects of apheresis as well as hematopoietic progenitor cell collection will also be reviewed. Finally, common calculations in daily practice of Transfusion Medicine, Hemostasis, Apheresis, and Cellular Therapy are provided. The participants will be active learners, responding to multiple-choice questions accompanying each clinical case. They will also be able to compare their knowledge to their peers by using the automated response device. Although the session is designed for pathology trainees preparing for board examinations, practicing pathologists, physicians from other specialties, medical technologists and nurses who are dealing with transfusions and apheresis daily will also benefit from this session, since the cases represent common scenarios that one may encounter in clinical practice. Further, the review may also serve as a preparation tool for maintenance of certification (MOC) examinations.